Elbow dysplasia
The elbow bones do not fit together properly during growth, causing forelimb lameness and arthritis; Mastiffs are named among the commonly affected breeds.
Source & method
- Cost:
- Embrace Pet Insurance, Elbow Dysplasia in Dogs (embracepetinsurance.com/health/elbow-dysplasia)
- As of:
- 2021-06, inflated to the event date
- Confidence:
- medium
- Method:
- Page states surgical diagnosis and treatment can range from $1,500 to $4,000 per elbow for young dogs who are surgical candidates. Typical is the midpoint. Per elbow; both elbows can be affected. Page lists Mastiff among commonly affected breeds but the cost is not breed-specific. Figure is from a 2021 page and may be dated.
- Onset age:
- MSD Veterinary Manual, Elbow Dysplasia in Dogs (merckvetmanual.com/musculoskeletal-system/arthropathies-and-related-disorders-in-small-animals/elbow-dysplasia-in-dogs) (as of 2025-12)